Kubernetes demonstrates the power of well-defined interfaces: out of CNI, CSI, CRI, SMI, etc. there has been an explosion of products and services that easily plug into the cloud-native ecosystem. The rate of innovation is increasing and creating incredible changes to the software and tooling available to developers.

Ruby has Rails

Elixir has Phoenix

Python has Django

PHP has so many options

NodeJS has yet to produce a good, full-stack framework for web application development. I recently stumbled across a promising project RedwoodJS. They’re solving some really tough technical problems: over-fetching data, high-order component data requesting, and GraphQL optimization. There’s an excellent discussion on the Software Engineering Daily podcast, and highly recommend checking out that episode.